Final answer:
An ecologically sustainable land-use system for timber harvesting must include stand-level practices for ecological integrity and landscape-scale measures to support conservation, as well as economic policies that encourage sustainable forestry and biodiversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
An ecologically sustainable system of land-use in a wood-supply area for a pulp mill must accommodate both economic and ecological values. This includes stand-level practices such as the retention of structural complexity, extending rotation times, maintaining canopy cover, and implementing proper fire control and timber removal techniques.
At the landscape scale, it is important to establish no-take areas, ensure careful road design, and maintain landscape connectivity with intact corridors and riparian buffers for sustainable biodiversity. Additionally, modern conservation efforts focus on landscape restoration and designing land-use systems that support both biological diversity and human activities, a concept known as 'countryside biogeography' or 'reconciliation ecology'.
Furthermore, economic incentives and regulations, such as those proposed by the Forest Stewardship Council, and a land sparing approach where intensified silviculture funds conservation efforts, are essential to balance conservation with social and economic needs.