Final answer:
The question deals with macroeconomic concepts such as steady-state capital output per worker, comparative advantage, economic policy for full employment, production functions, and per capita production functions analyzing the contribution of capital and labor.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject matter presented in the questions refers to topics commonly discussed in macroeconomics, particularly the analysis of a country's steady-state level of capital per worker and the output per worker, as well as the impact of labor allocation on production output in the context of comparative advantage. Moreover, the scenario touches upon economic policy related to government spending and tax rates to achieve full employment output. It also delves into the production function of a firm in the short run and long run, discussing factors like capital, labor, and technological change. Lastly, the reference to the per capita production function involves dividing inputs by population to analyze the contribution of human and physical capital as well as technology on GDP per capita.