Final answer:
A function is a mathematical relationship that describes specific rules or tasks. Services in a software system refer to the functionality provided by specific code. Classes encapsulate their own behavior and data, and modularization involves splitting a codebase into separate repositories for independent development.
Step-by-step explanation:
A function is a mathematical relationship that describes a specific rule or set of rules. In programming, a function is a block of code that performs a specific task. For example, if we have a function named addNumbers(), it could be defined as a rule that adds two numbers together when called. The function would take the input numbers, perform the addition operation, and return the result.
In the context of a software system, services refer to the functionality that the system can provide to users or other parts of the system. Services are typically implemented as functions or sets of functions that can be traced back to specific code.
A class is a blueprint for creating objects in object-oriented programming. Data and functions specific to a class can be contained within the class definition. The relationship between classes and their functions and data is referred to as encapsulation, where the class encapsulates its own behavior and data.
Splitting the main working repository into separate repositories for independent, separate development is known as code organization or modularization. It involves breaking down a large codebase into smaller, more manageable pieces, allowing different teams or developers to work on different parts independently.