Final answer:
Spinal cord injury clients may experience permanent changes in strength, sensation, and function below the injury site, with potential complications including motor and sensory deficits, voiding issues, autonomic dysreflexia, and impaired sexual function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Characteristics of Spinal Cord Injury Clients
Spinal cord injuries involve damage to any part of the spinal cord or the nerves at the end of the spinal canal. These injuries often lead to permanent changes in strength, sensation, and other body functions below the injury site.
Etiology and Pathophysiology
The etiology of spinal cord injuries can include accidents, such as vehicle crashes or falls, as well as diseases that affect the spine. The pathophysiology involves the disruption of signals between the brain and the body, potentially resulting in paralysis and loss of sensation.
Sensorimotor Function
Sensorimotor function refers to the sensory and motor functions related to the spinal cord. Sensory functions may be related to the dorsal regions, while motor functions are associated with the ventral side. Damage to the spinal cord can result in motor deficits or paralysis and sensory deficits, which can affect tactile discrimination and pain perception.
Voiding
Issues with voiding occur when control over the bladder is lost because nerve signals from the spinal cord to the bladder are interrupted, leading to urinary incontinence or retention.
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Autonomic dysreflexia is a condition seen in individuals with spinal cord injuries, where an exaggerated response from the autonomic nervous system occurs, often in response to stimuli below the level of the injury.
Sexual Function
Spinal cord injury can impact sexual function, as it may interfere with the neurological pathways involved in sexual response and function.