Final answer:
The probability that a randomly chosen student is a female who has an A is 9/24, which simplifies to 3/8 or about 0.375.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking for the probability that a randomly chosen student from a class is a female who has an A. To find this, we need to determine the total number of females with As and divide that number by the total class size. From the given information, there are 24 students in total, of which 19 are female. It is also given that 12 students have an A, but the overlap between females and those with an A is not directly provided.
Since there are 2 male students who do not have an A, this means there are 24 - 2 = 22 students who either are female or have an A. However, since there are 19 females, that leaves 22 - 19 = 3 possible males who could have an A. Subtracting this from the total number of As gives us 12 - 3 = 9 females with an A.
Therefore, the probability of randomly selecting a female with an A is the number of females with an A divided by the total number of students, which is 9/24. This can be simplified to 3/8 or approximately 0.375.