Final answer:
Rh incompatibility occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus, potentially leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). RhoGAM is used to prevent the production of Rh antibodies in the mother, thereby protecting the baby from HDN. It is important for Rh-negative mothers to receive RhoGAM if they have an Rh-positive partner.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rh incompatibility occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus. The mother's immune system may produce antibodies against the Rh-positive blood, potentially leading to hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), which can cause anemia, jaundice, or even more severe complications in the baby.
RhoGAM, or Rh immune globulin, is administered to Rh-negative pregnant individuals to prevent the formation of Rh antibodies. This medication contains anti-Rh antibodies that bind and destroy any fetal Rh-positive red blood cells that might enter the maternal bloodstream, thereby protecting subsequent pregnancies from HDN. RhoGAM is typically administered during the 26-28 weeks of pregnancy and within 72 hours after childbirth.
If we consider a couple where the woman is blood type O and Rh-negative, and her husband is blood type AB and Rh-positive, it's important for the mother to receive RhoGAM to prevent potential Rh incompatibility issues for their offspring, especially if the child inherits the Rh factor from the father.