Final answer:
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic noninfectious disease that affects the lungs and other organs due to an inherited mutation in the CFTR gene. It leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus in the lungs, which impairs lung defenses and promotes bacterial infections. Middle-aged men with cystic fibrosis are particularly vulnerable to respiratory infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic noninfectious disease that affects the lungs and other organs. It is caused by an inherited mutation in a gene called CFTR. This mutation leads to the production of a faulty protein that impairs the movement of sodium chloride in and out of cells, resulting in abnormally thick and sticky mucus. In the lungs, this thick mucus can lead to respiratory infections and other complications.
In middle-aged men with cystic fibrosis, the altered mucus provides an environment where bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can thrive. These bacteria can form biofilms in the lungs, which contribute to chronic lung infections and further damage to the respiratory system. The excessive mucus also impairs the function of the lungs' defenses, making them more susceptible to infections.
Treatment for cystic fibrosis usually includes the use of antibiotics and other drugs to fight off infections, along with pulmonary rehabilitation to maximize lung function. However, lung damage may progress to a point where a lung transplant is needed. Despite advances in treatment, there is currently no known cure for cystic fibrosis.