Final answer:
Statins are most effective at night and primarily lower LDL cholesterol, not HDL. Orthostatic hypotension is not a standard side effect of statins. Diet and lifestyle changes can also help manage cholesterol levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding the properties and effects of statins, statins are more effective if administered at night because cholesterol synthesis by the liver peaks during nighttime. Statins, such as Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and Rosuvastatin (Crestor), work by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is critical for cholesterol production in the liver. It is not true that statins reduce high-density lipoprotein (HDL), as they actually lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), commonly known as "bad" cholesterol, while potentially increasing HDL "good" cholesterol. Orthostatic hypotension is not a commonly reported side effect of statins; instead, these medications have been known to potentially cause muscle pain or weakness and liver enzyme elevation in some individuals.
Beyond medications like statins, dietary modifications, including reducing saturated fat intake, and incorporating plant sterols can also help reduce cholesterol levels. Treatments coupled with lifestyle changes, such as increased physical activity and weight management, can contribute to cardiovascular risk reduction.