Final answer:
1. Barbiturates are CNS depressants used for sedation and sleep induction. 2. Antihistamines treat allergic reactions by blocking histamine. 3. Anxiolytics reduce anxiety and induce relaxation.
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Barbiturates: Barbiturates are CNS depressants that were originally used as sedatives and hypnotics to induce sleep. They have primarily been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines in medical practice due to their potential for addiction and overdose. Barbiturates are still used in some cases, such as in general anesthesia and the treatment of epilepsy.
2. Antihistamines: Antihistamines are drugs that are used to treat allergic reactions. They work by blocking the effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. They can help relieve symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and runny nose.
3. Anxiolytic: Anxiolytics are drugs that have a calming effect and help reduce anxiety. They are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders and can help relax muscles, induce sleep, and decrease feelings of tension and worry.
4. Hypnotics: Hypnotics are drugs that are used to induce and maintain sleep. They can help treat insomnia and other sleep disorders by promoting sleep and preventing awakenings during the night.
5. Amnesiac: Amnesiacs are drugs that can cause memory loss or temporary amnesia. They are sometimes used during medical procedures or surgeries to prevent patients from remembering the experience.
6. Club drug: Club drugs are recreational drugs that are commonly used at parties, nightclubs, and raves. Examples of club drugs include MDMA (ecstasy), ketamine, and GHB. These drugs can have stimulant, hallucinogenic, or depressant effects.
7. Paradoxical effect: A paradoxical effect refers to an unexpected or contradictory response to a drug. For example, instead of causing sedation, a hypnotic drug may cause overstimulation and increased alertness in some individuals.
8. Detoxification: Detoxification is the process of removing harmful substances, such as drugs or alcohol, from the body. It is often the first step in the treatment of substance abuse and addiction.