Question

Match each epileptic drug with it's the desired therapeutic range. [Choose ] \begin{tabular} \hline phenytoin & \( \checkmark 10-20 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{dL} \) \\ & \( 10-40 \mathrm{mcg} / \ma

Answer 1

The desired therapeutic range for phenytoin is 10-20 mcg/dL. Therapeutic drug monitoring is used to maintain appropriate drug levels, avoid toxicity, and manage costs. Various factors impact drug dosage and potential side effects.

Step-by-step explanation:

The desired therapeutic range for an antiepileptic drug such as phenytoin is typically 10-20 mcg/dL. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is essential to avoid drug toxicity and to reduce therapeutic costs. This monitoring helps healthcare providers adjust medication doses for each individual patient in order to maintain the drug concentration within the desired therapeutic range. It is particularly important for drugs with a narrow therapeutic range and significant inter-individual variability. The relationship between blood concentration and clinical effect must be clear, and a validated bioanalytical method must be available to measure drug concentration in plasma or serum, such as LC-MS/MS.

When determining the dosage of a drug, factors such as age, body weight, organ function, drug interactions, and the route of administration must be considered. Side effects are common with drugs and can be caused by factors including drug dose, duration of therapy, patient's metabolic rate, and other concurrent medications.

Answer 2

Based on the given options, the correct matching of epileptic drugs with their desired therapeutic ranges is as follows:

• - Phenytoin: 10-20 mcg/dL
• - Carbamazepine: 4-12 mcg/dL
• - Phenobarbital: 10-40 mcg/dL
• - Valproic acid: 50-100 mcg/dL

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Phenytoin: The desired therapeutic range for phenytoin is 10-20 mcg/dL. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug commonly used to treat epilepsy and seizures. It helps control abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Maintaining the drug concentration within the range of 10-20 mcg/dL is important to achieve the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing the risk of toxicity.

2. Carbamazepine: The desired therapeutic range for carbamazepine is 4-12 mcg/dL. Carbamazepine is another antiepileptic drug used to treat seizures and certain types of nerve pain. Similar to phenytoin, maintaining the drug concentration within the therapeutic range is crucial for effective treatment and minimizing side effects.

3. Phenobarbital: The desired therapeutic range for phenobarbital is 10-40 mcg/dL. Phenobarbital is a barbiturate antiepileptic drug that works by slowing down brain activity. The therapeutic range allows for effective seizure control while monitoring for any potential toxicity.

4. Valproic acid: The desired therapeutic range for valproic acid is 50-100 mcg/dL. Valproic acid is an antiepileptic medication used to treat various types of seizures. Maintaining the drug concentration within the therapeutic range helps ensure optimal seizure control and minimizes the risk of adverse effects.

Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was:

Match each epileptic drug with it's the desired therapeutic range.

10−20mcg/dL

& 10−40mcg/dL

4−12mcg/dL

50−100mcg/dL

carbamazepine

phenobarbital

Valproic acid

phenytoin