Final answer:
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive serotonin. It can result from taking medications like SSRIs or MAOIs. Clinical manifestations include agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, and muscle rigidity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition caused by an excessive amount of serotonin in the brain. It typically occurs as a result of taking medications that increase serotonin levels, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). The clinical manifestations of serotonin syndrome can include agitation, confusion, rapid heart rate, high blood pressure, dilated pupils, sweating, tremors, and muscle rigidity.
There are several drug combinations that may precipitate serotonin syndrome. For example, taking an SSRI with an MAOI or combining multiple serotonergic drugs can increase the risk. Some common drug combinations to be cautious about include SSRIs with tramadol, St. John's wort, or meperidine, as well as the combination of an SSRI with an MAOI.
It's important to recognize the signs and symptoms of serotonin syndrome and seek medical attention if necessary. Treatment involves discontinuing the medications that are causing the syndrome, supportive care, and sometimes specific interventions like medications to control symptoms.