Final answer:
The statement about nutrient absorption in the stomach is false; it predominantly occurs in the small intestine, which has a lining with villi and microvilli to increase the surface area for efficient nutrient absorption.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place across the mucous-coated lining of the stomach' is false. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the stomach. The small intestine is lined with unique structures known as villi and microvilli, which are essential for this process.
Villi are finger-like projections that significantly increase the surface area of the small intestine's lining, facilitating more efficient nutrient absorption. The surface of each villus is further enhanced by microvilli, which are tiny hair-like extensions on the absorptive cells. These structures work together to maximize the absorption capabilities of the small intestine by providing a large surface area for the nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream.
The nutrients absorbed in the small intestine are then carried into the hepatic portal vein, which transports them to the liver where they can be regulated and distributed throughout the body.