Final answer:
A patient with a severe burn on their left upper extremity and shoulder is experiencing a fourth-degree burn. Fourth-degree burns damage the full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone. Burn patients are at risk of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, circulatory failure, and infection, so prompt medical treatment is essential.
Step-by-step explanation:
A patient who was admitted to the burn unit with a severe burn involving their left upper extremity and shoulder is experiencing a fourth-degree burn. A fourth-degree burn is a burn that damages the full thickness of the skin and underlying muscle and bone. This type of burn is very severe and requires immediate medical attention and treatment.
In addition to the damage to the skin and underlying tissues, burn patients are also at risk of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, circulatory failure, and infection. Burned skin is highly susceptible to bacteria and other pathogens due to the loss of protection by intact layers of skin.
Therefore, it is crucial for burn patients to receive intravenous fluids to offset dehydration, as well as intravenous nutrients to repair tissues and replace lost proteins. The prompt treatment of infections is also vital to prevent further complications and promote proper healing.