Final answer:
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat aortic valve stenosis. Etiology refers to the cause or origin of a disease, while epidemiology is the study of diseases in populations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat aortic valve stenosis, a condition where the aortic valve becomes narrow, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. During TAVR, a new valve is inserted using a long, thin tube called a catheter, which is guided through a blood vessel to reach the heart. This procedure is an alternative to open-heart surgery and is suitable for patients who may not be candidates for surgery or have a high surgical risk.
Etiology refers to the cause or origin of a disease. In the case of aortic valve stenosis, it can be caused by age-related wear and tear, calcium buildup on the valve, congenital heart defects, or other factors. Epidemiology refers to the study of the patterns, causes, and effects of diseases in populations. In the context of TAVR, it would involve analyzing data on the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of aortic valve stenosis and its treatment options.