Final answer:
The kidneys filter blood, maintain electrolyte balance, and regulate blood pressure, pH, and red blood cell concentration. The lungs are responsible for gas exchange and also help in pH regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The roles of the kidneys and lungs are crucial in maintaining the body's homeostasis. The lungs are responsible for gas exchange, taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide, which is also vital for pH balance alongside buffers in the blood. The kidneys play a comprehensive role in filtering blood, removing wastes, regulating blood pressure, and maintaining electrolyte balance. They also contribute to the synthesis of vital compounds like erythropoietin (EPO) and active vitamin D, which are essential for red blood cell production and calcium regulation, respectively. Furthermore, in response to dehydration, the kidneys conserve water, resulting in concentrated urine. Both kidneys and lungs work together to regulate the pH levels in the blood. In terms of blood filtration in the kidney, the correct answer would be A. Arteries. It is true that hormones influence kidney functions, and the kidneys also produce the hormone EPO.Both organs work synergistically to maintain homeostasis, and kidneys contribute to hormone production.