Final answer:
Lara is experiencing an acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma, a chronic respiratory condition. Fast-acting inhalers or nebulizers are used to manage symptoms during an asthma attack, and avoiding triggers along with regular medication is vital for long-term control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Asthma and Its Management
Lara, at the young age of 8, is experiencing an acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma, which is characterized by symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath (SOB), and coughing. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that results in periodic narrowing and obstruction, often accompanied by excessive mucus production. This can make breathing difficult and cause wheezing and chest tightness. Triggers for an asthma attack can be allergens, cold air, exercise, or stress among others.
To manage the symptoms of an asthma attack, fast-acting inhalers are commonly used as they can quickly ease these symptoms. For severe asthma attacks, immediate medical treatment is essential as they can present with cyanotic lips or face, confusion, and severe anxiety. For young children and those who struggle to use inhalers, a nebulizer may be used to administer medication. In the long term, it's crucial for individuals with asthma to avoid known triggers, maintain their medication regimen, and keep up with regular check-ups.
In cases similar to Lara's, medical professionals would likely administer a fast-acting bronchodilator via an inhaler or nebulizer to relieve the airway constriction and ensure that oxygen levels in the blood are adequate. Continuous monitoring and a tailored treatment plan are critical for managing asthma effectively and reducing the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.