Final answer:
To reduce the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission, the client should be treated with antiretroviral medications during pregnancy and the infant should receive treatment after birth. Cesarean delivery and bottle feeding can further lower transmission risks. The mother's health should be closely monitored, and prompt treatment for opportunistic infections like vaginal candidiasis is important.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reducing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
An HIV-infected client who is pregnant has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis, which is common in people with compromised immune systems. To reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission and to improve maternal and fetal health, it is critical to follow a comprehensive treatment and prevention approach. Antiretroviral medications should be administered to the mother during pregnancy and to the infant after birth, which can reduce transmission rates to about 1%. Cesarean delivery may also be considered to lower the risk of transmission during childbirth. If feasible, bottle feeding rather than breastfeeding can eliminate the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk.
During pregnancy, women with HIV should be vigilant about their own health, as their immune system can be further downregulated. Opportunistic infections like vaginal candidiasis should be treated promptly. It is also essential to maintain regular healthcare appointments, adopt a healthy lifestyle, and strictly adhere to prescribed antiretroviral therapy to manage viral load and strengthen immune function.
Pregnant women with HIV should be screened for other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) because the presence of other STIs, especially those with open sores, can greatly increase the risk of HIV transmission. In addition to medical interventions, educating the client on the importance of personal health, prenatal care, and the potential risks to the fetus is paramount for a successful outcome for both mother and child.