Final answer:
Aminoglycosides are protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the bacterial ribosomes, causing production of faulty proteins and leading to bacterial cell death. They are broad-spectrum antibacterials but can have adverse effects on the kidneys, nervous system, and ears.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aminoglycosides are a type of protein synthesis inhibitors that bind to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes. By impairing the proofreading ability of the ribosomal complex, they cause mismatches between codons and anticodons, resulting in the production of faulty proteins. This leads to the disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane and ultimately kills the bacterial cells. Aminoglycosides, such as streptomycin and gentamicin, are broad-spectrum antibacterials that are effective against many types of bacteria. However, they can also have adverse effects on the kidneys, nervous system, and ears.