Final answer:
The CMV virus is typically inactive in healthy individuals, but can become reactive in cases of immune suppression. Reactivation can lead to various symptoms and complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
In healthy individuals, the CMV virus is typically dormant or inactive. However, in cases of immune suppression, such as in individuals with HIV or undergoing organ transplantation, the virus can become reactive. During reactivation, the virus can cause a variety of symptoms and complications.
One study by Griffiths et al. (2015) investigated the reactivation of CMV in solid organ transplant recipients and found that 30-60% of patients experienced CMV reactivation, resulting in an increased risk of organ rejection and other complications.
Another study by Li et al. (2019) examined the immune response to CMV reactivation in individuals with HIV and found that the reactivated virus evaded the immune system, leading to persistent infection and increased disease progression.