Final answer:
Bernardo O'Higgins was an important leader in the Chilean independence movement who worked with José de San Martín to defeat Spanish royalists and declare Chile's independence in 1818. He is celebrated as the 'Liberator of Chile' and a national hero.
Step-by-step explanation:
Bernardo O'Higgins is a significant figure in the history of Chile and the broader context of South American independence movements. Born in Chile to a Spanish officer and his Chilean mistress, O'Higgins joined the fight for independence against the Spanish Empire. After being exiled to Argentina, he met with José de San Martín, and together they planned an assault on Spanish royalist forces in Chile. Their collaboration proved successful, and in 1818, O'Higgins was pivotal in declaring Chile's independence.
The crossing of the Andes by San Martín and O'Higgins in 1817 was a remarkable military venture that contributed significantly to the liberation of Chile. The strategy of attacking the Spanish stronghold in Chile, following the success in Argentina, ultimately led to a decisive victory over the royalists. O'Higgins's leadership in the military campaign and his subsequent political role as the leader of independent Chile earned him the title of 'Liberator of Chile'. He is remembered as a national hero and an instrumental figure in the struggle for Chilean independence.