Final answer:
Writing abusive language that harms someone's reputation is known as defamation of character, which can be categorized as either libel (written) or slander (spoken).
Step-by-step explanation:
When you write abusive language that harms a person's reputation, it is called defamation of character. This involves publishing false statements known as libel when written, and known as slander when spoken. Defamation is illegal and not protected under the First Amendment, meaning people subjected to it can sue for damages. The rise of cyberbullying has introduced a new arena where defamation can occur, often anonymously, which can lead to significant emotional or psychological harm to the victim.