Final answer:
Females are more susceptible to UTIs primarily because they possess a shorter urethra that is in close proximity to the anus. This anatomical difference facilitates easier access for bacteria to enter the bladder, leading to an increased risk of infection. Good hygiene and managing other risk factors can help mitigate this risk.
Step-by-step explanation:
Females are more susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) primarily due to anatomical differences. The main reason women are at higher risk is because they have a shorter urethra than men, which is also located closer to the anus. This proximity allows bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli from fecal contamination, easier access to the bladder, leading to an increased risk of infection. Women's susceptibility to UTIs is not because of a weaker immune system, more nephrons, poor hygiene habits, or longer ureters, but rather the anatomical structure of the female urogenital system.
Good hygiene practices can mitigate the risk of UTIs in females. Additionally, hormonal changes, sexual intercourse, diabetes, obesity, and using certain contraception methods such as spermicides or diaphragms also contribute to the increase in risk. However, one of the most significant factors remains the female anatomy, where the shorter urethra plays a crucial role in the higher incidence of bladder infections in women compared to men.