Final answer:
The quote about curing the mischiefs of faction is from Federalist No. 10 by James Madison. It addresses the inherent problem of factions in a democracy and the means to mitigate their effects through a large republic.
Step-by-step explanation:
The quote "There are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects." is from the Federalist Papers, specifically Federalist No. 10, which was written by James Madison. In this paper, Madison discusses the problems of factions, or groups of people who gather together to protect and promote their special economic interests and political opinions. He outlines that the causes of faction cannot be completely removed without destroying liberty, but their effects can be controlled through the structure of a large republic.
Madison argues that a well-constructed Union will be able to break and control the violence of faction more effectively than smaller republics, as the diversity of interests in a large republic makes it less likely that a single faction can dominate the political process.