Final answer:
Carotid sinus massage, valsalva, and cold water immersion are maneuvers that can be used to terminate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).
Step-by-step explanation:
Carotid sinus massage, valsalva maneuver, and cold water immersion are all potentially effective maneuvers that can be used to terminate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). These maneuvers work by stimulating various physiological mechanisms in the body to help restore a normal heart rhythm.
Carotid sinus massage involves applying gentle pressure to the carotid sinus, a small area in the neck. This can help slow down the heart rate and terminate PSVT in some cases.
The valsalva maneuver involves forcibly exhaling against a closed airway, which increases pressure in the chest and stimulates the vagus nerve. This can also help slow down the heart rate and terminate PSVT.
Cold water immersion, also known as the diving reflex, involves immersing the face in cold water. This can trigger a reflex response that slows down the heart rate and may help terminate PSVT.