Final answer:
Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disorder with insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion leading to high blood glucose levels. Treatment often involves a combination of lifestyle changes and medication. Complications from poorly managed diabetes can be severe and include various health issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance and an inadequate compensatory insulin secretory response. This multifactorial disorder leads to high levels of blood glucose, a state known as hyperglycemia. In individuals with type 2 diabetes like Harvey Wilson, the body struggles to regulate blood sugar levels properly, which can result in damage to various body cells over time.
While some patients can manage diabetes through lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, others may require medication. First-line treatments historically included insulin, but now various medications can enhance pancreatic function or increase the body's sensitivity to insulin.
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is vital for patients like Harvey Wilson, particularly if they suffer from additional health conditions such as HLD (Hyperlipidemia) or HTN (Hypertension). These patients are often on a complex regimen of medications, including statins for HLD and antihypertensive medications like Lisinopril for HTN.
Risk factors of type 2 diabetes include obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and genetic predisposition. Complications from poorly managed diabetes can be serious and may include heart disease, kidney failure, and increased susceptibility to infections, as experienced by Mark in the case study mentioned. Mental and emotional support for patients and their families is also an essential aspect of diabetes care.