Final answer:
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by symptoms such as frequent urination (polyuria), extreme thirst (polydipsia), and increased hunger (polyphagia), which are due to high levels of blood glucose impacting kidney function and energy accessibility for body cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include being overweight, having prediabetes, and being 45 years or older. Notable pathophysiology signs of diabetes are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (extreme thirst), and polyphagia (increased hunger). These symptoms arise due to high levels of glucose in the blood affecting kidney function. The kidneys filter glucose from the blood, which draws water into the urine, leading to excessive urination. This, in turn, causes dehydration, triggering excessive thirst. Moreover, the body's cells may lack access to glucose for energy despite high blood sugar levels, contributing to increased hunger.