Final answer:
To control the spread of infection, it is important to break the chain of infection using hand hygiene, sterilization, and personal protective equipment. Methods to control microorganisms include physical methods like heat and filtration and chemical methods using disinfectants and antiseptics. Effectiveness of these substances can be tested to ensure proper microbial control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chain of Infection and Methods to Control Microorganisms
To break the chain of infection, strategies include hand hygiene, sterilization, and the use of personal protective equipment. The chain consists of an infectious agent, a reservoir, a portal of exit, a mode of transmission, a portal of entry, and a susceptible host. Disrupting any of these links can stop the spread of infection.
For controlling microorganisms, physical methods such as heat sterilization and filtration are used. These methods aim to destroy microorganisms or remove them from environments where they could pose a risk to health. Chemical control involves the use of disinfectants, antiseptics, and sterilants to kill or inhibit microbial growth on various surfaces.
Understanding the effectiveness of antiseptics and disinfectants is crucial for controlling microbial growth. This involves testing substances to ensure they are working as intended to reduce or eliminate the presence of pathogens.