Final answer:
The four basic models of healthcare are the Beveridge Model, Bismarck Model, National Health Insurance Model, and the Out-of-Pocket Model.
Step-by-step explanation:
The four basic models of healthcare discussed in this chapter are the Beveridge Model, the Bismarck Model, the National Health Insurance Model, and the Out-of-Pocket Model.
The Beveridge Model is used in countries like the United Kingdom and provides healthcare through government-funded hospitals and clinics.
The Bismarck Model, used in countries like Germany, relies on insurance plans that are financed jointly by employers and employees.
The National Health Insurance Model, used in countries like Canada, provides healthcare through a single government-run insurance program.
The Out-of-Pocket Model is used in countries with limited healthcare systems, where individuals pay for their own healthcare expenses.