Final answer:
D.G.'s lab results reveal iron deficiency anemia, indicated by low RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, iron, and ferritin levels. Patients taking oral iron supplements should take them on an empty stomach, eat iron-rich foods, watch for side effects, and get follow-up blood tests.
Step-by-step explanation:
Interpretation of D.G.'s Laboratory Results
The patient D.G. exhibits signs of iron deficiency anemia, a condition where the body lacks enough healthy red blood cells due to insufficient iron. His lab results show a decreased red blood cell count (RBC), low hemoglobin (8.3 g/dL), and low hematocrit (24%), all of which are indicative of anemia. Moreover, his mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) values are below normal limits, suggesting microcytic anemia, commonly associated with iron deficiency. His iron level (28 mcg/dL) and ferritin level (14 ng/mL) are also low, supporting this diagnosis. However, his cobalamin and folate levels are within normal ranges, ruling out anemia caused by these deficiencies.
Teaching Points for Oral Iron Supplements
When educating patients on taking oral iron supplements, it is important to stress the following points:
- Take the supplement on an empty stomach to enhance iron absorption
- Increase dietary intake of iron-rich foods alongside the supplement
- Be aware of potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal discomfort, constipation, or diarrhea
- Monitor for signs of improvement in symptoms and ensure follow-up blood tests to check the effectiveness of the treatment