Final answer:
The product outcomes range from simple binary compounds such as hydrogen iodide to more complex ones like carbon tetrachloride and sulfur trioxide. The phase change of carbon disulfide and the formation of different oxides by iron demonstrate the diverse nature of chemical reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reactions listed concern various combinations of reactants undergoing chemical changes to form new products. Under given conditions, the following products can be predicted:
- (a) Iodine reacts with chlorine to probably form ICl or ICl3, iodine monochloride or iodine trichloride.
- (b) Hydrogen reacts with iodine to form hydrogen iodide, HI.
- (c) Carbon disulfide and chlorine gas can react to form carbon tetrachloride, CCl4, and disulfur dichloride, S2Cl2.
- (d) Sulfur dioxide and oxygen gas react to form sulfur trioxide, SO3.
- (e) Carbon disulfide in gas phase (CS2(g)) can condense to form carbon disulfide in liquid phase (CS2(l)) through a phase change.
- (f) In a separate reaction, carbon disulfide reacting with excess chlorine forms carbon tetrachloride and disulfur dichloride.
Free energy change determination is essential to predict whether reactions are spontaneous or nonspontaneous. The reaction of transition metals with oxygen demonstrates the capability of these metals to form different oxides, as seen in iron forming both FeO and Fe2O3.
As for the final part of the student's question, when nonmetals react with one another, they can form different molecular compounds depending on the ratios of the reactants. For example, sulfur and oxygen form sulfur trioxide.