Final answer:
Gonadotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland are responsible for producing FSH and LH, which play critical roles in reproductive system regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The group of basophils that produces follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the anterior pituitary gland is gonadotrophs. The gonadotrophs respond to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus by secreting these hormones which are key regulators of the reproductive system. FSH and LH produced by gonadotrophs act on the gonads - ovaries in females and testes in males - stimulating gamete production and hormone secretion.