Final answer:
The process of applying an existing schema to understand new information in the environment is known as assimilation. Assimilation involves integrating new information into existing mental frameworks. When integration isn't possible, accommodation occurs, involving an adjustment of schemas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which one applies an existing schema to their understanding of the environment is known as assimilation. This concept, derived from the work of Jean Piaget, describes how individuals integrate new information into existing mental frameworks without changing them. When a child encounters new experiences, they first try to fit this new information into their current schemas. If the new information is compatible with what they already know, the assimilation occurs seamlessly. However, when new information cannot be fully integrated, this leads to a different process called accommodation, where existing schemas are adjusted to include the new experiences.