Final answer:
A competitive service position lasting more than 120 days is a type of federal employment filled in a fair manner with proper qualifications. The term 'vacancy' could represent such a position. The types of unemployment mentioned—cyclical, frictional, and structural—are related to economic conditions, job transitions, and industry changes, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'Which is a competitive service position lasting more than 120 days?' refers to the type of employment within the federal government's competitive service category. There are three general categories of federal work: competitive service, excepted service, and senior executive service. Competitive service positions are filled in a fair manner with qualifications that include work history, education, and scores on civil service exams. They are regulated by the Office of Personnel Management to ensure the best applicant is chosen for the job.
None of the provided options specifically describes a competitive service position lasting more than 120 days. In the broader context of federal employment, a vacancy would be the most relevant term, as it indicates an open position that may be filled through competitive service processes.
When it comes to types of unemployment, landscapers laid off during a recession would experience cyclical unemployment, a financial analyst looking for similar work in a new location is experiencing frictional unemployment, while printers and factory workers laid off due to changes in industry demand or jobs moving overseas are facing structural unemployment.