Final answer:
The North Atlantic Current becomes denser near Greenland, causing it to sink. Ocean upwelling is associated with the rise of nutrient-rich deep waters. Shifts in current patterns affect marine life and can result in challenges for wildlife, such as migratory birds encountering new environmental pressures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The North Atlantic Current becomes denser near Greenland due to a combination of colder temperatures and increased salinity. This process causes the current to sink and contributes to the global ocean conveyor belt.One relevant concept here is ocean upwelling, which is the rising of deep ocean waters that occurs when prevailing winds blow along surface waters near a coastline.
This can bring nutrient-rich water to the surface, supporting marine life.In the Southern Ocean, there is a phenomenon known as the Subtropical Convergence where dense, cold waters from the south sink below warmer waters from the north, causing upwelling and mixing that supports high productivity of organisms like phytoplankton and krill.