Final answer:
After anaphase, chromosomes decondense during telophase, new nuclear envelopes form, and the cell divides through cytokinesis. Then, cells enter interphase, where they grow, function normally, and duplicate DNA in preparation for the next mitosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Between the end of anaphase and the start of the next mitosis, a chromosome undergoes a series of changes. During telophase, the final stage of mitosis, chromosomes that were previously separated at the centromere and pulled to opposite poles of the cell begin to decondense, or unravel, transforming into a more relaxed chromatin state. A nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes, which re-establishes the nuclei of the two new daughter cells. After mitosis completes with cytokinesis, which divides the cell's cytoplasm, the cells enter the interphase period before the start of the next round of mitosis.
During interphase, the cell grows and carries out its normal metabolic functions. The genetic material is duplicated during part of this phase, known as the S phase (Synthesis phase), preparing the cell for the next cycle of mitosis. Thus, between the conclusion of one anaphase and the onset of another mitotic event, the chromosome is active in both cell recovery and the preparations necessary for cell division.