Final answer:
In an observational study, investigators look for correlations and patterns between variables, allowing them to gather data and draw conclusions based on naturally occurring phenomena.
Step-by-step explanation:
In an observational study, investigators look for two main things: correlations and patterns. The goal is to identify relationships between variables and observe any consistent trends or associations. Observational studies are useful when it is not possible or ethical to conduct experimental studies, allowing researchers to gather data and draw conclusions based on naturally occurring phenomena.