Final answer:
The long bones mentioned in the list are the Tibia, Phalanges, and Humerus, which are elongated bones found in the limbs and fingers that act as levers to facilitate movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The long bones from the provided list are B) Tibia (leg bone), C) Phalanges (finger bones), and E) Humerus (arm bone).
Long bones are characterized by having a cylindrical shape, being longer than they are wide. This category includes bones from the limbs such as the humerus in the arm, the tibia in the leg, and the phalanges in the fingers and toes. The unique structure of long bones, with a diaphysis (shaft) and two epiphyses (rounded ends), allows them to act as levers, aiding in movement when muscles contract.
The tibia, also known as the shinbone, is a prime example of a long bone in the leg, providing support and structure for walking and running. The phalanges are the bones in the fingers, conveying precision and dexterity necessary for grasping and manipulating objects. In contrast, the patella or kneecap is classified as a sesamoid bone, which is embedded within a tendon, and the ribs are considered flat bones, providing protection for the thoracic cavity and its organs.