Final answer:
A facial profile with a prominent forehead and a chin that is in line with the upper lip when viewed from the side is referred to as a convex profile. This involves a vertical inclination of the forehead and a well-defined chin, known as the mental protuberance.
Step-by-step explanation:
A facial profile where the forehead protrudes while the upper lip and chin project equally to a vertical line is often referred to as a convex profile. This facial structure typically shows a prominent forehead, as seen in the vertical inclination of the frontal bone.
The mental protuberance, which is the forward projection from the inferior margin of the anterior mandible that forms the chin, is also well-defined but in line with the upper lip when viewed in profile. These characteristics can be contrasted with the evolutionary development where there has been a decrease in the size of the jaws and face, and an increase in the size of the cranium, suggesting a vertically angled forehead.
Artistic representations, like the bust of Queen Nefertiti, demonstrate the aesthetic principles of symmetry and proportion where the contours of the face create a harmonious profile.