Final answer:
Computed tomography (CT) scans provide cross-sectional images of the respiratory system to detect abnormalities. Pulmonary function testing (PFT) measures lung function to diagnose conditions like asthma or COPD. Bronchoscopy visually examines the airways for abnormalities.
Step-by-step explanation:
Computed tomography (CT) is a diagnostic test of the respiratory system that uses X-ray technology to create cross-sectional images of the lungs and airways. It can help detect abnormalities such as tumors, infections, or blockages in the respiratory system. Normal values for CT scans of the respiratory system vary depending on the specific area being examined, but abnormalities can be identified by comparing the patient's results to established reference ranges.
Another diagnostic test of the respiratory system is pulmonary function testing (PFT), which measures lung volumes and capacities, air flow rates, and gas exchange. PFT can provide information about lung function and help diagnose conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or restrictive lung diseases. Normal values for PFTs depend on factors such as age, gender, and height, and can vary slightly between different testing systems.
A third diagnostic test mentioned in the question is bronchoscopy, which involves the insertion of a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera into the airways. It allows the doctor to visually examine the airways and collect samples for further analysis. Bronchoscopy can be used to diagnose abnormalities like tumors, infections, or inflammation in the respiratory system.