Final answer:
The first Texas Charter pertains to the land grant to Stephen F. Austin, who led 300 families into Texas before the Texas Revolution. The Lone Star Republic was later established and existed from 1836 to 1846 with Sam Houston as its president. This was part of the broader 'Manifest Destiny' era of U.S. expansionism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first Texas Charter refers to the land grant given to Stephen F. Austin in which he led the first 300 families into Texas, which is an event that occurred prior to the Texas Revolution. Austin's colony, established under Mexican control, began the significant Anglo-American settlement in the Mexican province of Texas. It wasn't until after the Texas Revolution that Texas became an independent nation known as the Lone Star Republic, from 1836 to 1846, with Sam Houston elected as its first president.
Regarding the members or the settlers who initially came with Austin, they were primarily from the southern United States, and their arrival would eventually lead to Texas's fight for independence and the eventual conflict known as the Mexican-American War. These events also occurred within the broader context of expansionism, epitomized by the term 'Manifest Destiny', which surged in popularity thanks to politicians like Senator Thomas Hart Benton and President James K. Polk. The annexation of Texas would ultimately contribute to the tensions that led to Mexican-American War.