Final answer:
The Earth Day movement played a significant role in advancing federal environmental laws between 1969 and 1974. It led to the passage of several laws that limited pollution, protected endangered species, and regulated the use of pesticides. President Nixon's support for environmental preservation showcased the impact of grassroots organizers on political decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Earth Day movement played a crucial role in advancing federal environmental laws between 1969 and 1974. The immense success of the first Earth Day in 1970 made it clear to politicians that environmental protection was a top concern for the public. As a result, Congress passed numerous environmental protection laws that had previously been rejected, including laws that limited the use of pesticides, protected endangered species, and required mine operators to limit pollution.
Furthermore, President Nixon responded to the growing environmental movement by promoting the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This federal agency was dedicated to addressing environmental issues and was granted the authority to create and enforce pollution control standards. Nixon's backing of environmental preservation showcased how grassroots organizers were able to influence a pragmatic politician to support their cause.
However, it is important to note that while there was significant progress in advancing environmental laws, there were also concerns about the potential negative impact on businesses and job loss. This led to some backlash against the EPA as the economy stagnated in the early and mid-1970s.