Final answer:
Deeper processing enhances memory by improving encoding and retrieval. Semantic encoding and techniques like elaborative rehearsal and linking information to existing knowledge can enhance memory consolidation and retrieval.
Step-by-step explanation:
Deeper processing enhances memory by improving the encoding and retrieval of information. When we engage in deeper processing, such as thinking about the meaning or relevance of information, we create stronger and more elaborate memory traces. This leads to better memory retention and retrieval.
Research by Craik and Tulving (1975) found that semantic encoding, which involves processing the meaning of information, leads to better memory compared to visual or acoustic encoding. Additionally, using techniques like elaborative rehearsal and linking new information to existing knowledge can enhance memory consolidation and retrieval.