Final answer:
The related to the problems with the IRB system, the death of a research subject (Jesse Gelsinger) was what received public attention. The correct answer is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tragic death of Jesse Gelsinger, a young patient who died as a result of participating in a gene therapy clinical trial, underscores the critical importance of institutional review boards (IRBs) in the ethical oversight of research involving human subjects. Jesse's case brought to light the potential risks associated with new medical treatments and the necessity for researchers to obtain informed consent, fully communicative of risks and past adverse outcomes. It highlighted how financial pressures and potential conflicts of interest could lead to the depreciation of patient safety in the face of scientific advancement. The aftermath of Jesse's death saw stricter regulation and a halt to gene therapy trials at the University of Pennsylvania, prompting a comprehensive review of gene therapy trials nationwide.
Historically, the need for ethical oversight in human research became evident through scandals such as the Tuskegee syphilis study, which revealed gross abuses in the name of scientific inquiry. These egregious acts led to the establishment of ethical guidelines and the requirement of IRBs to protect study participants. Today, any research involving human subjects must be reviewed and approved by an IRB, ensuring adherence to ethical principles, including minimizing risks, maximizing benefits, maintaining scientific integrity, and securing informed consent.
Your full question was
Which of the following brought increased public attention to the problems with the IRB system?
A. Death of Research Subject (Jesse Gelsinger)
B. HHS Inspector General Report of 1998
C. 1983 Presidential Commission Report"
D. Shut Downs" by OHRP