Final answer:
During Eisenhower's presidency, American society experienced economic prosperity, the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement, and cultural shifts with the growth of suburbia, consumerism, and the rise of television and rock and roll, against a backdrop of Cold War tension.
Step-by-step explanation:
Dwight D. Eisenhower's presidency saw notable changes in American society, reflecting a period of economic growth and social conformity against the backdrop of the Cold War. Eisenhower's New Look defense policy emphasized the nuclear deterrence while managing defense budget. In domestic policy, he upheld a middle path, retaining elements of the New Deal and expanding Social Security, indicative of his moderate stance between conservatism and liberalism. Eisenhower's presidency also coincided with the infancy of the Civil Rights Movement, marked by the monumental Brown v. Board of Education decision, which Eisenhower enforced in Little Rock, signaling increased governmental support for racial integration.
Additionally, the era experienced the rise of suburbia, fostering a homogenized middle-class lifestyle and consumer culture, fueled by economic prosperity. The growth of consumer goods, the emergence of rock and roll, and the popularity of television transformed the leisure and cultural landscape. American society during this time also contended with fears stoked by the Cold War, leading to events like McCarthyism and concerns over the military-industrial complex, a term Eisenhower famously highlighted in his farewell address. These changes contributed to forming the foundation of modern American society.