Final answer:
Bacteriophages do not derive lysozyme from the host cell; it is encoded by the viral genome and used to lyse the host cell. So, the correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking which item, from a given list, bacteriophages do not get from the host cell during infection. Bacteriophages depend on the host cell for certain resources necessary for replication but also have some of their own components. A bacteriophage will utilize the host cell's tRNA, amino acids, nucleotides, and ATP for the synthesis and assembly of new viral particles.
However, the one element they do not derive from the host is lysozyme, which is typically encoded by the viral genome and is an enzyme that assists in the breakdown of the host bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis and release of the new viral progeny.
So, the correct answer is option a.