Final answer:
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is a memory problem where familiar information can't be retrieved, even though there's a feeling it should be possible. It is a type of blocking where the information is in memory but cannot be accessed at the moment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The common memory problem for older adults where they can't retrieve familiar information but feel that they should be able to is known as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. This occurs when the memory seems accessible but cannot be articulated at the moment. An example often cited is forgetting a well-known actor's name, like Morgan Freeman, despite having a clear mental image and even auditory memory of the individual. This phenomenon is separate from conditions such as dementia, which involve a more significant decline in memory and cognitive function.
Memory is a complex system, and its failures, such as the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon, can be frustrating. To improve memory recall, strategies like mnemonic devices, rehearsal, self-referencing, and ensuring adequate sleep are often recommended. These strategies can enhance the retrieval process and potentially reduce instances of blocking.