Question

By 1966, Black leaders like Stokely Carmichael and Malcolm X were proponents of what they termed

Answer 1

By 1966, Black leaders like Stokely Carmichael and Malcolm X were proponents of what they termed "Black Power." This term came to represent a shift in Black activism from integrationist to nationalist ideals.

Step-by-step explanation:

Integrationism, the dominant approach in the early Civil Rights Movement, sought to achieve equality for Black Americans within the existing social and political system. Black Power, in contrast, emphasized self-determination and empowerment for the Black community. It called for Black people to take control of their own lives and institutions, to challenge white supremacy, and to redefine their relationship to the American society.

Carmichael and Malcolm X were both vocal advocates of Black Power. Carmichael, who became chairman of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in 1966, popularized the term and helped to spread its message. Malcolm X, a former member of the Nation of Islam, also articulated the principles of Black Power in his speeches and writings.

Answer 2

By 1966, Black leaders like Stokely Carmichael and Malcolm X were proponents of Black Power.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the mid-1960s, amidst the civil rights movement in the United States, Black leaders such as Stokely Carmichael and Malcolm X became advocates of a philosophy known as Black Power. This term encapsulated a shift in focus from civil rights to a more assertive demand for political and economic empowerment within the Black community. Stokely Carmichael, who later became the leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), popularized the term during the Meredith March Against Fear in 1966.

The concept of Black Power emphasized self-reliance, cultural pride, and an unapologetic stance against racial oppression. Malcolm X, who had previously advocated for Black separatism, also supported this shift towards Black Power before his assassination in 1965. Together, these leaders sought to empower African Americans to take control of their destinies and challenge systemic racism on multiple fronts.

Black Power, as championed by Carmichael and Malcolm X, rejected the notion of integration as the sole solution to racial inequality. Instead, it called for a radical transformation of society that would grant Black individuals political and economic autonomy. The movement urged African Americans to embrace their cultural heritage, fostering a sense of unity and resilience.

The call for Black Power was a response to the limitations of the civil rights movement, which, despite its successes, had not fully addressed the systemic issues affecting the Black community. The philosophy influenced subsequent activism and laid the groundwork for the Black Panther Party and other organizations that emerged in the late 1960s, shaping the trajectory of the struggle for racial justice in the United States.