Final answer:
The energy needed to power an endergonic reaction can be provided by ATP hydrolysis(c). ATP releases energy when it is broken down, which can then be used to fuel reactions that require an energy input. Enzymes assist reactions by lowering the activation energy needed for the reactions to proceed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reaction that can provide the energy needed to run an endergonic reaction is C. ATP hydrolysis. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, acts as the primary energy currency in the cell and can supply the necessary energy to power endergonic reactions. During ATP hydrolysis, the molecule is broken down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a free phosphate group, which releases a burst of energy that can be utilized in various cellular processes.
To address the follow-up questions:
- Endergonic reactions are those that require an input of energy, as their products have more free energy than the reactants. An example of this is B. Photosynthesis.
- Exergonic reactions are those that release energy, since the reactants have more free energy than the products. An example is A. Cellular respiration.
Regarding enzymes, they function by B. reducing the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed, thereby speeding up the reaction. Activation energy is the initial energy needed to start a chemical reaction, which is C. activation energy.