Final answer:
Calcium oxalate is the primary type of calcium crystal formed from ethylene glycol metabolism, causing significant organ damage and kidney failure. Ethylene glycol, commonly found in antifreeze, is dangerous if ingested due to conversion into toxic oxalic acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main type of calcium crystal formed by the metabolism of ethylene glycol is calcium oxalate. When ethylene glycol is ingested, it is metabolized in the body to glycolic acid, which is the major metabolite responsible for its toxicity. Glycolic acid is then further metabolized to glyoxylic acid and finally to oxalic acid. This oxalic acid combines with calcium to form calcium oxalate crystals, which can deposit and cause damage to various organs including the brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs. Significant damage is particularly seen in the kidneys, where these crystals accumulate and can lead to kidney damage and ultimately acute kidney failure.
Ethylene glycol is a common ingredient in antifreeze due to its ability to lower the freezing point and raise the boiling point of the coolant, making it essential for both winter and summer use in vehicle cooling systems. However, its toxic nature and sweet taste present serious risks of accidental or deliberate ingestion, with severe health consequences.