Final answer:
Lab tests for pH, CO₂ partial pressure (PCO₂), and HCO3- can identify acidosis and alkalosis and determine whether the condition is metabolic or respiratory. Metabolic acid-base imbalances usually result from kidney disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Lab tests for pH, CO₂ partial pressure (PCO₂), and HCO3- can identify acidosis and alkalosis. The blood pH value indicates whether the blood is in acidosis, the normal range, or alkalosis. The PCO₂ and total HCO3 values aid in determining whether the condition is metabolic or respiratory and whether the patient has been able to compensate for the problem. Metabolic acid-base imbalances typically result from kidney disease, and the respiratory system usually responds to compensate.